Pi-hole and unbound

Source and Details: https://www.kuketz-blog.de

Benefits

Faster DNS resolving, by becoming own DNS Server

Installation

sudo apt install unbound

Create confiig

sudo nano /etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/pi-hole.conf

Add following content into pi-hole.conf

server:
    # If no logfile is specified, syslog is used
    # logfile: "/var/log/unbound/unbound.log"
    verbosity: 0

    interface: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5335
    do-ip4: yes
    do-udp: yes
    do-tcp: yes

    # May be set to yes if you have IPv6 connectivity
    do-ip6: no

    # You want to leave this to no unless you have *native* IPv6. With 6to4 and
    # Terredo tunnels your web browser should favor IPv4 for the same reasons
    prefer-ip6: no

    # Use this only when you downloaded the list of primary root servers!
    # If you use the default dns-root-data package, unbound will find it automatically
    # root-hints: "/var/lib/unbound/root.hints"

    # Trust glue only if it is within the server's authority
    harden-glue: yes

    # Require DNSSEC data for trust-anchored zones, if such data is absent, the zone becomes BOGUS
    harden-dnssec-stripped: yes

    # Don't use Capitalization randomization as it known to cause DNSSEC issues sometimes
    # see https://discourse.pi-hole.net/t/unbound-stubby-or-dnscrypt-proxy/9378 for further details
    use-caps-for-id: no

    # Reduce EDNS reassembly buffer size.
    # IP fragmentation is unreliable on the Internet today, and can cause
    # transmission failures when large DNS messages are sent via UDP. Even
    # when fragmentation does work, it may not be secure; it is theoretically
    # possible to spoof parts of a fragmented DNS message, without easy
    # detection at the receiving end. Recently, there was an excellent study
    # >>> Defragmenting DNS - Determining the optimal maximum UDP response size for DNS <<<
    # by Axel Koolhaas, and Tjeerd Slokker (https://indico.dns-oarc.net/event/36/contributions/776/)
    # in collaboration with NLnet Labs explored DNS using real world data from the
    # the RIPE Atlas probes and the researchers suggested different values for
    # IPv4 and IPv6 and in different scenarios. They advise that servers should
    # be configured to limit DNS messages sent over UDP to a size that will not
    # trigger fragmentation on typical network links. DNS servers can switch
    # from UDP to TCP when a DNS response is too big to fit in this limited
    # buffer size. This value has also been suggested in DNS Flag Day 2020.
    edns-buffer-size: 1232

    # Perform prefetching of close to expired message cache entries
    # This only applies to domains that have been frequently queried
    prefetch: yes

    # One thread should be sufficient, can be increased on beefy machines. In reality for most users running on small networks or on a single machine, it should be unnecessary to seek performance enhancement by increasing num-threads above 1.
    num-threads: 1

    # Ensure kernel buffer is large enough to not lose messages in traffic spikes
    so-rcvbuf: 1m

    # Ensure privacy of local IP ranges
    private-address: 192.168.0.0/16
    private-address: 169.254.0.0/16
    private-address: 172.16.0.0/12
    private-address: 10.0.0.0/8
    private-address: fd00::/8
    private-address: fe80::/10

## Performance
# More cache memory, rrset=msg*2 | Default: 4m, 4m
msg-cache-size: 32m
rrset-cache-size: 64m
# Time  to  live [minimum|maximum] for RRsets and messages in the cache | Default: 0, 86400
cache-min-ttl: 3600
cache-max-ttl: 86400
# Serve old responses from cache with a TTL of 0 in the response without waiting for the actual resolution to finish | Default: no, 0
serve-expired: yes
serve-expired-ttl: 86400
# Fetch DNSKEYs earlier (DNSSEC): More cpu usage, less latency | Default: no
prefetch-key: yes
# Helps to reduce the query rate towards targets that get a very high nonexistent name lookup rate | Default: no
aggressive-nsec: yes

## Privacy | Default: no, no
hide-identity: yes
hide-version: yes

EDNS config creation

sudo nano /etc/dnsmasq.d/99-edns.conf

99-ends.conf content

edns-packet-max=1232

PI-hole adjustment

raspberrypi.local/admin

• remove on left all hooks
• add Custom 1 (IPv4): 127.0.0.1#5335
• remove Custom 3 (IPv6)
• active Use DNSSEC in the bottom
• save

default view

changed

Debian Fix

sudo systemctl disable --now unbound-resolvconf.service
sudo sed -Ei 's/^unbound_conf=/#unbound_conf=/' /etc/resolvconf.conf 
sudo rm /etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/resolvconf_resolvers.conf

Restart and go live

sudo service unbound restart